Central Nervous System Cancers

Central Nervous System Cancers

Central Nervous System (CNS) Cancers are tumors that develop in the brain or spinal cord. These tumors can be primary (originating in the CNS) or secondary (resulting from metastasis from cancers elsewhere in the body).

• Astrocytoma: Tumor originating in star-shaped brain cells.
• Glioblastoma: Aggressive brain tumor derived from glial cells.
• Medulloblastoma: Childhood tumor of the cerebellum.
• Ependymoma: Tumor arising from ependymal cells lining ventricles of the brain.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact causes of CNS cancers are often unknown. However, certain genetic conditions, exposure to ionizing radiation, and immune system disorders may increase the risk of developing these tumors.

Symptoms

Symptoms of CNS cancers can vary widely depending on the location, size, and type of tumor. Common symptoms may include headaches, seizures, changes in vision or hearing, difficulty walking, and cognitive changes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans, neurological examinations, biopsy to analyze tissue samples, and other tests to determine the extent and characteristics of the tumor.

Treatment

Treatment options for CNS cancers include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and supportive care. The treatment plan depends on factors such as the type, stage, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health.