Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma is a type of brain tumor that primarily affects children and originates in the cerebellum, which is located at the base of the brain. It is one of the most common pediatric brain tumors.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of medulloblastoma is not well understood. However, genetic mutations and certain inherited conditions may play a role in its development. Radiation therapy to the head for other conditions is also a risk factor.

Symptoms

Symptoms of medulloblastoma can include headaches, nausea, vomiting, problems with balance and coordination, irritability, and changes in behavior. These symptoms can be due to increased pressure on the brain caused by the tumor.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans to locate and visualize the tumor. A biopsy may be performed to analyze tissue samples and confirm the diagnosis of medulloblastoma.

Treatment

Treatment for medulloblastoma typically involves surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Targeted therapy and clinical trials may also be considered based on the specific characteristics of the tumor and the child's overall health.